Type of Behavior | Involuntary, reflexive responses | Voluntary, goal-directed behaviors |
Key Concepts | UCS, UCR, CS, CR | Reinforcement, Punishment, Extinction, Shaping |
Founder | Ivan Pavlov | B.F. Skinner |
Examples | Pavlov's dogs salivating at the sound of a bell | Teaching a dog to sit using treats |
Applications | Phobia treatment, advertising | Education, parenting, therapy |
Learning Process | Association between stimuli | Consequences of behaviors |
Role of Learner | Passive learner | Active learner |
Method of Learning | Stimulus precedes response | Behavior precedes consequence |