Non-surgical treatments for humerus fractures are often the first line of management, especially for minimally displaced fractures. Here are the key components of non-surgical treatment:
Immobilization
Sling or Shoulder Immobilizer: The primary method of immobilization is using a sling or shoulder immobilizer. This helps to support and stabilize the injured shoulder, reducing pain and preventing further displacement of the fracture.
Duration: Immobilization typically lasts for about 2 to 3 weeks, but the exact duration can vary based on the type of fracture, the patient's age, and any co-occurring medical conditions.
Pain Management
Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) are commonly used for mild pain. For moderate to severe pain, stronger medications like hydrocodone and acetaminophen (Vicodin) may be prescribed.
Early Mobilization: Gentle therapeutic exercises, such as pendulum swings, are recommended around 10 to 14 days following the injury. This helps to maintain some range of motion and prevent stiffness.
Rehabilitation: Physical therapy continues for several weeks after the bone has healed to strengthen the shoulder muscles and reduce the risk of future injury.
Monitoring and Follow-Up
Regular Check-Ups: Patients are monitored throughout the healing process to ensure that there are no complications and that the bone is healing as expected. Follow-up X-rays may be taken to confirm proper alignment and healing.
Potential Complications
Shoulder Stiffness: Prolonged immobilization can lead to shoulder stiffness or frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis).
Posttraumatic Arthritis: In some cases, arthritis can develop in the shoulder joint.
Avascular Necrosis: This is a rare but serious complication where the bone dies due to an insufficient blood supply.
Success Rates
High Success Rates: Non-surgical treatments often have high success rates, with approximately 80% to 85% of patients experiencing a full recovery.
In summary, non-surgical treatment for humerus fractures involves immobilization with a sling or shoulder immobilizer, pain management, early mobilization through physical therapy, and regular monitoring. While complications can occur, non-surgical treatment is effective for many patients, particularly those with minimally displaced fractures.